Embracing openness: the challenges of OER in Latin American education
Abstract
The Open Educational Resources (OER) movement and the Open Access began only over a decade ago. During this period, the progress of the Open Educational Resources movement took place in developed countries for the most part. Recently, new projects have begun to emerge with a strong emphasis on open education. Yet, the concept of openness in education is a very innovative one, and it has not been embraced by many. In some regions, such as Latin America, OER is still in its early stages and faces many challenges that need to be addressed. Some of these challenges include awareness raising and capacity development. But there is a bigger challenge to face: embracing openness as a core value and an institutional strategy. In this paper, we offer a brief overview of the meaning of the term “open” in education and we analyze the challenges facing the OER in Latin American countries.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abrioux, D., & Ferreira, F. (2009). Open schooling in the 21st century. Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning. Retrieved from http://www.col.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/OpenSchooling_web.pdf
Alperin, J. P., Fischman, G., & Willinsky, J. (2008). Open access and scholarly publishing in Latin America: Ten flavours and a few reflections. Liinc Em Revista, 4(2). Retrieved from http://revista.ibict.br/liinc/index.php/liinc/article/view/269
Atkins, D. E., Brown, J. S., & Hammond, A. L. (2007). A Review of the Open Educational Resources (OER) Movement: Achievements, Challenges, and New Opportunities. Report to the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.hewlett.org/uploads/files/Hewlett_OER_report.pdf
Browne, T., Holding, R., Howell, A., & Rodway-Dyer, S. (2010). The challenges of OER to Academic Practice. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2010 (01). Retrieved from http://jime.open.ac.uk/jime/article/view/2010–3
Butcher, N. (2010). Open Educational Resources and Higher Education. Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning & Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved from http://www.col.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/OER_Open_Educational_Resources_and_Higher_Education.pdf
Butcher, N. (2011). A basic guide to open educational resources. Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning & Paris: UNESCO.
Cape Town Open Education Declaration. (2007). Cape Town Open Education Declaration: Unlocking the promise of open educational resources. Retrieved from http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/read-the-declaration
D’Antoni, S. (2007). Open Educational Resources and Open Content for Higher Education. Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento (RUSC), 4(1). Retrieved from http://www.uoc.edu/rusc/4/1/dt/eng/dantoni.pdf
D’Antoni, S. (2008). Open Educational Resources: The way forward. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/Ulis/cgi-bin/ulis.pl?catno=157987&set=48F10DA1_3_7&gp=1&lin=1
D’Antoni, S. (2009). Open educational resources: Reviewing initiatives and issues. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 24(1), 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680510802625443
Davidson, C. N., & Goldberg, D. T. (2009). The future of learning institutions in a digital age. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Retrieved from http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/future-learninginstitutions-digital-age
Friesen, N. (2009). Open Educational Resources: New Possibilities for Change and Sustainability. The International Review Of Research In Open And Distance Learning, 10(5). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/664/1388
Green, C. (2012). The Obviousness of Open Policy. Technology presented at the UNESCO 2012 OER Global Congress, June 28. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/cgreen/unesco-2012-oer-global-congress
Gurrell, S. (2008). Open Educational Resources Handbook for Educators Version 1.0. Retrieved from http://wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator_version_one
Hilton III, J., Wiley, D., Stein, J., & Johnson, A. (2010). The four “R”s of openness and ALMS analysis: frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 25(1), 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680510903482132
Hodgkinson-Williams, C. (2010). Benefits and Challenges of OER for Higher Education Institutions. Workshop Discussions at the Open Educational Resources (OER) Workshop for Heads of Commonwealth Universities. Cape Town, Africa. Retrieved from http://www.col.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/OER_BenefitsChallenges_presentation.pdf
Humbert, M., Rebillard, C., & Rennard, J. P. (2008). Open Educational Resources for Management Education: Lessons from experience. eLearning Papers, 10. 1–15. Retrieved from http://www.elearningpapers.eu/en/download/file/fid/19394
Hylén, J. (2007). Open Educational Resources: Opportunities and Challenges. Paris: OECD. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/edu/ceri/37351085.pdf
Keats, D. (2009). The road to Free and Open Educational Resources at the University of the Western Cape: A personal and institutional journey. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 24(1). 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680510802627829
Kumar, M. S. V. (2009). Open educational resources in India’s national development. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning, 24(1), 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680510802627860
Lane, A. (2008). Reflections on sustaining open educational resources: An institutional case study. eLearning Papers, 10, 1–13. Retrieved from http://www.elearningeuropa.info/files/media/media16677.pdf
Life after Elsevier: making open access to scientific knowledge a reality. (2012, April 24). The Guardian. Retrieved September 12, 2012, from http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/blog/2012/
apr/24/life-elsevier-open-access-scientific-knowledge
Morgan, T., & Carey, S. (2009). From Open Content to Open Course Models: Increasing Access and Enabling Global Participation in Higher Education. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10(5). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/632
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2007). Giving Knowledge for Free: The Emergence of Open Educational Resources. Paris: OECD. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/edu/ceri/38654317.pdf
Pérez-Peña, R. (2012, July 17). Top Universities Test the Online Appeal of Free. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/18/education/top-universities-test-theonline-appeal-of-free.html
Perry, W. (1977). The Open University. Jossey-Bass series in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Plotkin, H. (2010). Free to learn: An open educational resources policy development guidebook for community college governance officials. San Francisco: Creative Commons. Retrieved from http://www.educause.edu/library/resources/free-learn-open-educational-resources-policydevelopment-guidebook-community-college-governance-officials
UNESCO. (2012). Paris Declaration on Open Educational Resources. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/Events/Paris%20OER%20Declaration_01.pdf
Vaidhyanathan, S. (2012, July 18). Going Public the UVa Way. Innovations. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/blogs/innovations/going-public-the-uvaway/33623
Witherspoon, J. (2002). Open courseware and developing countries: Building a community. Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries. Retrieved from http://www.oercommons.org/community/open-courseware-in-developing-countriesbuilding-a-community
Wiley, D., & Gurrell, S. (2009). A decade of development. . . Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 24(1), 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.108/02680510802627746
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.5.1.33
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.